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Dontho la Chiyembekezo - Njira Zotchinga Zambiri

Njira ya Zotchinga Ambiri pa Madzi Akumwa Otetezeka

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Njira ya Zotchinga Ambiri pa Madzi Akumwa Otetezeka:

Njira yabwino yochepetsera chiopsezo chakumwa madzi osatetezeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zotchinga zambiri.

Masitepe asanu a njira yotchinga madzi akumwa abwino ndi awa:
1. Tetezani gwero lanu la madzi
2. Sungani madzi anu
3. Sefa madzi anu
4. Thirani madzi anu
5. Sungani madzi anu bwino

1.Tetezani gwero lanu la madzi
Khalani aukhondo. Sungani zinyalala za anthu ndi zinyama. Musalole madzi ena kusakanikirana ndi madzi - sungani madzi otuluka pamwamba, kutuluka ndi madzi otayira kunja.

Stop Microbes - Protect Your Well

Key Message: Build your latrine downhill and away from your well.

Possible Questions:

•  Where is your latrine?

•  Where is your well?

•  What is the distance between them?

•  Do you think it is safe for your latrine to be next to your well?

Content:

This poster shows where to build your latrine to help keep our well water safe.

Microbes from latrines move through the ground and can end up in the ground water.

Latrines should be built far away from our wells. As a general rule, latrines should be kept 30 metres away from our wells. At this distance, microbes from latrines will die naturally before getting to the well.

Latrines should always be built downhill of our wells since it is difficult for microbes to move uphill. This will help to protect our well water.

Check for Understanding:

•  Why do we want to keep our latrine far away from our well?

•  As a general rule, how far should our latrines be built from a well?

•  Why should we build a latrine downhill of a well?

Information sourced from CAWST.org

Tetezani madzi anu oyeretsedwa

Uthenga wofunikira: Madzi oyeretsedwa ayenera kusungidwa bwino kuti asatetezeke.

Mafunso Otheka:

•  Kodi madzi angasungidwe bwanji?

•  Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito chotengera chamtundu wanji posungira madzi?

•  Kodi zabwino za zotengera zamadzi zomwe zawonetsedwa ndi ziti?

•  Kodi zotengera zamadzi zomwe zawonetsedwa ndi zoyipa zotani?

Zamkatimu:

Madzi oyeretsedwa ayenera kutetezedwa kuti asaipitsidwenso ndi chotengera chabwino chosungira.

Chidebe chamadzi chapadera chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito posungira madzi oyeretsedwa. Gwiritsani ntchito chidebe china pamadzi akuda ndipo mugwiritseni ntchito popanga madzi osayeretsedwa okha.

Chotengera chabwino chosungira chimakhala ndi izi:

•  Chivundikiro kapena chivundikiro champhamvu komanso cholimba

•  Dinani kapena kutsegula pang'ono

•  Maziko okhazikika

•  Chokhalitsa

•  Chogwirizira bwino

•  Chomalola mpweya kulowa pamene madzi amathiridwa

•  Siziyenera kukhala chowonesela zamkati (translucent )

Zinthu izi za chidebe chosungira bwino zimalepheretsa kuipitsidwanso.

Chidebe chosungira bwino, choyikidwa padzuwa, chikhoza kukhala chodetsedwa mofulumira kwambiri. Ikani chidebe chosungiramo pamalo amthunzi mkati mwa nyumba. Zisungidwe pansi pamalo aukhondo.

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kupeza kapena kugula chidebe chosungira bwino. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chaphimbidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyeretsedwa okha.

Fufuzani Kumvetsetsa:

•  Kodi chotengera chabwino chosungira madzi ndi chiyani? Chifukwa chiyani?

•  Kodi mungachipeze kuti chotengera chabwino chosungira madzi?

•  N'cifukwa ciani sitiyenela kusungila manja ndi zala zathu mumtsuko?

•  Chifukwa chiyani chotengera chabwino chosungira chimakhala ndi chivindikiro?

Zomwe zachokera CAWST.org

2. Sewetsani madzi anu
Lolani dothi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamadzi tigwe pansi. Mutha kuyisiya kuti ikhazikike payokha kapena kugwiritsa ntchito alum, njere za Moringa kapena nkhatsa kuti dothi likhazikike.

Uthenga Wofunika: 

Kukhazikika mwachilengedwe kungakuthandizeni kuchotsa zinyalala m'madzi anu.

Mafunso Otheka:

• Kodi mudalolapo kuti madzi anu azikhala kwakanthawi kuti asungunuke madzi?

•  Fotokozani momwe mumasungira madzi nthawi zambiri.

Zamkatimu:

Gawo loyamba pochiza madzi anu ndikuchita sedimentation. Madzi athu akadetsedwa titha kuwakhazikitsa. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakonda kumamatira ku dothi, ndiye tikalola kuti matopewo akhazikike timachotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Tikhoza kusungunula madzi athu polola kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikhazikike. Njirayi imatchedwa 3-pot kukhazikika chifukwa mudzafunika zidebe zitatu kapena mapepala kuti mugwiritse ntchito.

Kuthetsa madzi:

•  Tengani ndowa yamadzi akuda

•  Lolani chidebecho kukhala osasuntha kwa maola pafupifupi 24

• Thirani madzi oyera kuchokera mumtsuko mumtsuko woyera

•  Lolani chidebe chachiwiri kukhala osasuntha kwa maola pafupifupi 24 • Thirani madzi abwino ochokera mumtsuko mumtsuko waukhondo

Phimbani miphika yanu pamene ikukhazikika kuti dothi ndi udzudzu zisalowe m'madzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito miphika itatu, tikuthandiza kupeza madzi abwino.

Timafunikabe kusefa ndi kuthira tizilombo madzi athu tikawakhazikitsa.

Fufuzani Kumvetsetsa:

•  N'chifukwa chiyani mungafune kukhazika mtima pansi?

•  Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji 3-pot settleling?

•  Kodi madziwa ndi abwino kumwa akakhazikika?

Information sourced from CAWST.org

DAWUNILODI: 'Sungani madzi anu pogwiritsa ntchito njere' poster to assist with the teaching. DAWUNILODI: 'Sungani madzi anu pogwiritsa ntchito njere' Chichewa Educational Handout for the parents or guardian.

Sungani madzi anu pogwiritsa ntchito njere

Uthenga Wofunika: Mbeu zosiyanasiyana zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa matope m'madzi anu.

Mafunso Otheka:
- Kodi munayamba mwagwiritsapo ntchito njere kuti muchepetse madzi anu?
- Ngati inde, nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mbewu?

Zamkatimu:
Gawo loyamba pochiza madzi anu ndikuchita sedimentation. Madzi athu akakhala odetsedwa, timafunika kuwatsuka. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakonda kumamatira kumatope, ndiye pochotsa matopewo timachotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe anthu amagwiritsira ntchito njere kuti asungunuke madzi awo. Fotokozani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mbewu zomwe zilipo mdera lanu.

Njira imodzi ndikuchita zotsatirazi:
- Aleke mbuto ziume muzuba
- Dulani mbewu
- Onjezani kambewu kakang'ono kakang'ono mumtsuko wamadzi akuda
- Sakanizani madzi ndi supuni kapena ndodo kwa mphindi zingapo
- Lolani kuti ikhazikike kwa maola angapo
- Thirani madzi oyera mu chidebe chosungiramo choyera

Mbeu zidzasiyidwa pansi pa chidebecho. Ayenera kutayidwa ndi zinyalala zonse zapakhomo.

Pogwiritsa ntchito sedimentation, timathandizira kupeza madzi abwino. Timafunikabe kusefa ndi kuthira tizilombo m'madzi athu tikatha kugwiritsa ntchito njere.

Fufuzani Kumvetsetsa:
- Chifukwa chiyani mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu?
- Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji mbeu kuti muchepetse madzi anu?
- Kodi madziwa ndi abwino kumwa pambuyo pa sedimentation?

Zomwe zachokera CAWST.org

Sefa Madzi Anu - Zosefera Zovala

Uthenga Wofunika: 

Gwiritsani ntchito zosefera nsalu kuti mupereke madzi abwinoko.

Mafunso Otheka:

•  Kodi mudawonapo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera nsalu?

•  Kodi sefa ya nsalu imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Zamkatimu:

Sefa yansalu imatha kuchotsa zinyalala ndi litsiro kuchokera kugwero la madzi. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timadutsa munsaluyo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu iliyonse ya thonje yomwe ili yabwino komanso yolukidwa mwamphamvu kuti musefa madzi anu.

Momwe mungapangire fyuluta yansalu:

•  Tengani nsalu yaitali ya thonje

•  Pindani nsaluyo kukhala zigawo zingapo

•  Tetezani nsaluyo pa mphika waukhondo pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe kapena chingwe •  Pang'onopang'ono ndi pang'onopang'ono Thirani madzi kudzera mu fyuluta ya nsalu

•  Dikirani kuti madzi asefe musanathire madzi ambiri

•  Imani pamene mulingo wa madzi mumphika sunakhudze nsalu Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kuchotsa zinyalala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.

Kuti mukhale ndi madzi abwino, tetezani madzi anu mutagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta ya nsalu kuti muphe tizilombo totsalira.

Ubwino:

•  Imachotsa ma microbes ndi zinyalala

•  Nsalu za thonje zimapezeka mnyumba

• Mtengo wotsika

Zoyipa:

•  Njira zosefera zosathandiza kwambiri pochotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Fufuzani Kumvetsetsa: •  Kodi sefa ya nsalu imagwira ntchito bwanji?

•  Zina mwazabwino zotani zokhuza zosefera nsalu?

•  Mumapanga bwanji zosefera nsalu?

•  Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji sefa ya nsalu?

Information sourced from CAWST.org

4. Thirani madzi anu
Pambuyo pochotsa dothi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi kumachotsa tizilombo tomwe tatsala - ngakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe titha kusefedwa m'madzi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuwiritsa, kapena kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kudzuwa

Kupha Tizilombo Toyambitsa Matenda ndi Dzuwa. (KTTMD)

Uthenga Wofunika:
Kupha Tizilombo Toyambitsa Matenda ndi Dzuwa. (KTTMD) ndi njira yabwino yophera tizilombo m'madzi anu.

Zamkatimu:

KTTMD imayimira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi dzuwa. Panthawi ya KTTMD, kuwala kochokera kudzuwa kumapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi kuti timwe madzi abwino. Madzi anu oyambira ayenera kukhala omveka bwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito KTTMD.

Ngati gwero la madzi ndi lakuda, gwiritsani ntchito njira zosefera ndi kusefera musanagwiritse ntchito KTTMD.

Kuti mupange KTTMD, gwiritsani ntchito mabotolo apulasitiki omveka bwino. Mabotolo sangakhale amitundu, odetsedwa, kapena ofiira chifukwa kuwala kwa dzuwa sikungadutse mu botolo. Mabotolo ayenera kukhala ndi malita 1-2 a madzi.

Kuti mupange KTTMD:
- Tsukani botolo lapulasitiki ndi sopo ndi madzi musanagwiritse ntchito

- Zadzani botolo ndi madzi, osasiya mpweya

- Tsekani chivindikiro mwamphamvu

- Ikani mabotolo padzuwa, pa pepala lamalata kapena muwaike padenga
• Patsiku ladzuwa, sonyezani mabotolo kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku kapena kwa maola 6
• Patsiku la mitambo, sonyezani mabotolo kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku kwa masiku awiri
• Patsiku lamvula, KTTMD sagwira ntchito gwiritsani ntchito njira ina yophera tizilombo

- Chotsani mabotolo ku kuwala kwa dzuwa

Madzi a m'mabotolo apulasitiki angakhale ofunda kapena otentha. Mungadikire mpaka madziwo azizire musanamwe. Madzi a m’mabotolo apulasitiki ndi abwino kumwa.

Zoyipa:

- Madzi adzakhala otentha pambuyo disinfection
- Kothandiza kwa madzi ochepa
- Njirayi imatenga tsiku limodzi

Fufuzani Kumvetsetsa:
- Kodi KTTMD imayimira chiyani?
- Kodi KTTMD imagwira ntchito bwanji?
- Kodi zina mwazabwino za KTTMD ndi ziti?
- Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji KTTMD?
- Nanga bwanji ngati gwero lanu la madzi ndi lakuda? Mukadatani?
- Ngati ndi tsiku ladzuwa, muyenera kuvumbulutsa mabotolo mpaka liti?
- Ngati ndi tsiku lamitambo, muyenera kuulula mabotolo mpaka liti?
- Ngati ndi tsiku lamvula, mungatani?

Zomwe zachokera CAWST.org

5. Sungani madzi anu bwino -
Sungani madzi anu oyeretsedwa mu chidebe kuti asaipitsidwenso.

Kabuku:

DAWUNILODI Chikalata Chamaphunziro 'Njira ya Zotchinga Ambiri pa Madzi Akumwa Otetezeka'

Optional: Download 'The Multi-Barrier Approach to Safe Drinking Water' Educational Handout

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