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Session#4: Abomination of Desolation
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Session 4 Abomination of Desolation: Understanding the
Basics
I. JESUS CALLED US TO SEE THE ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION
Jesus called His people “to see” the abomination of
desolation and then pointed us to the book of Daniel to gain understanding
of it (Mt. 24:15). Paul and John elaborated on it (2 Thes. 2:3-4;
Rev. 13:15). The abomination of desolation is the first event in
the Bible that signals the start of the tribulation.
15“Therefore when you see the ‘abomination
of desolation,’ spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing
in the holy place” (whoever reads, let him
understand), 16“then let those who are in
Judea flee to the mountains…21then there will be great tribulation,
such as has not been…” (Mt. 24:15-16, 21)
In Matthew 24 Jesus gave His most detailed teaching on the end
times. He mentioned two men that we must understand if we are to
view the end times from God’s perspective—Daniel and
Noah. Jesus established His end-time teaching in relation to what
happened in their message and ministry.
Jesus made three direct references to Daniel’s prophecies:
- The Abomination of Desolation (Mt. 24:15; Dan. 8:13; 9:27;
11:31; 12:11),
- The Great Tribulation (Mt. 24:21; Dan. 12:1),
- The Son of Man coming on the clouds (Mt. 24:30; Dan. 7:14).
Jesus compared the people and circumstances in the end times to
those in the days of Noah (Mt. 24:37-43; Gen. 6-9).
Daniel’s “abomination of desolation” is the central
event that helps us to understand Jesus’ view of the end times.
This is the only specific political and religious eventthat Jesus
identified which will let His people know that they are in the generation
of His return and that the Great Tribulation has started. The fact
of this event will help them understand other key events that are
implied by it.
There are many implications associated with the abomination of
desolation. For example, in order for the Antichrist to put an image
of himself in the temple in Jerusalem, Israel must first be a nation
with Jerusalem under its jurisdiction, and the temple must be built
on its original site (the very place of Solomon’s temple),
functioning with sacrifices according to the law of Moses.
One major obstacle to the temple being rebuilt is that Al-Aqsa
Mosque (Islam’s third most holy site) and the Dome
of the Rock stand on the Temple Mount (site of Solomon’stemple).Someone
must bring peace to the Middle East before the temple can be rebuilt
in Jerusalem.
The Antichrist will make a covenant with many nations that will
allow this to take place (Dan. 9:27). Then he will betray the covenant
that stop the sacrifices and will seek to force Israel and the nations,
under threat of death, to embrace the abominations and worship him.
Some see Ezekiel 8-10 as helpful in understanding more about the
abomination of desolation.
The abomination of desolation is referred to eight times in the
Bible. Daniel used a form of this phrase four times (8:13; 9:27;
11:31; 12:11), two passages quote Jesus’ use of it (Mt. 24:15;
Mk. 13:14), and both Paul (2 Thes. 2:3-4) and John (Rev. 13:11-18)described
it. We understand the abomination of desolation best by comparing
Daniel’s four references to it with what Jesus, Paul, and
John said about it.
II. WHAT IS THE ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION? A QUICK OVERVIEW
The abomination of desolation refers to specific deeds being done
that are abominable to God. These deeds lead to the desolation (destruction)
of many people and nations. In other words, it speaks of abominations
(deeds) that lead to the desolation (destruction) of the nations,
etc.
What are these abominable deeds, and what are the desolations that
result from them?
The main event emphasized in the New Testament is the setting up
the abomination of desolation, i.e. the Antichrist placing his image
in the temple (2 Thes. 2:3-4; Rev. 13:12-18). The main event emphasized
in the Old Testament is the stopping of the sacrifices (Dan. 8:13;
9:27; 11:31; 12:11).
This abomination to God will occur in two ways—each involving
several different dynamics.
The demands of the Antichrist:The Antichrist will
demand that he be worshiped as God after he sits in the holy place
in the temple in Jerusalem and stops the daily sacrifices. He will
force others to accept this under the threat of death.
The responses of the people:Hundreds of millions
of people will accept his claims.
The desolation will occur in two ways—both are related to
worshiping the Antichrist.
Antichrist will cause desolation:He will seek to destroy any who
refuse to worship him. He will bring desolation to the people, cities,
and nations who refuse to worship him.
God will cause desolation:God will destroy any who agree to worship
the Antichrist. He will bring judgment on the people, cities, and
nations that worship the Antichrist.
9If anyone worships the beast and his image, and receives
his mark on his forehead or on his hand, 10he himself shall also
drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out full
strength into the cup of His indignation. (Rev.
14:9-10)
III. THE ABOMINATION OF DESOLATION: A CLOSER LOOK
The Apostle John described the abomination of desolation in Revelation
13. Two main components of the abomination of desolation will be
the image of the Beast and the mark of the Beast. These two componentsdeceive
the multitudes in the nations and force them to worship the Antichrist.
15He[False Prophet] was granted power
to give breath to the image of the beast that the image of the beast
should both speak and cause as many as would not worship the image
of the beast to be killed. 16He causes all…to receive a mark
on their right hand or on their foreheads, 17and that no one may
buy or sell except one who has the mark… (Rev.
13:15-18)
Image of the Beast: An image of the Antichrist
will be placed in the holy place of the rebuilt temple in Jerusalem.
The False Prophet will deceive many by making it breathe and talk.
The “image of the Beast” is one of the most significant
biblical signs of the end times.
John emphasized it ten times (Rev. 13:14, 15; 14:9-11; 15:2; 16:2;
19:20; 20:4).
This image will be the greatest abomination in history because
it will deceive untold millions into worshiping the Antichrist.
The image may combine cutting-edge technology (holograms?) and
supernatural demonic elements, causing this image to breathe and
speak. There may be a global network of statues (holograms?) in
local “worship sanctuaries” connected to the temple.
Mark of the Beast:The mark will be a part of the
abomination of desolation (Rev. 13:16-17). It will be illegal to
refuse the mark; those refusing it will not be allowed to buy or
sell and will be seen as dangerous criminals of the state, guilty
of death. I believe it will involve more than receiving something
like an embedded chip, but also covenanting to worship the Antichrist.
Paul described the abomination of desolation in 2 Thessalonians
2.
3Let no one deceive you by any means; for that Day
[Jesus’ return] will not come unless the falling away comes
first, and the man of sin[Antichrist] is revealed, the son of perdition,
4who opposes and exalts himself above all that is called God [associated
with God] or that is worshiped, so that he sits
as God in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God...
9The coming of the lawless one[Antichrist] is
according to the working of Satan, with all power, signs, and lying
wonders… (2 Thes. 2:3-9)
Summary:The great abomination will include the
Antichrist claiming to be God and forcing the nations, by state
law and with state resources, to worship him as God, under the penalty
of death. This will be the greatest abomination to God in history,
yet it will be the Church’s greatest hour.
IV. THE MAGNITUDE OF THE DESOLATION
Jesus referred to Daniel’s teaching on the abomination of
desolation and the Great Tribulation.
15“…when you see the ‘abomination
of desolation,’…16let those who are in Judea flee to
the mountains…21There will be great tribulation, such as has
not been since the beginning of the world until this time…22And
unless those days were shortened, no flesh would be saved [from
physical death]; but for the elect’s sake
those days will be shortened.” (Mt. 24:15-22)
Tribulation:Jesus referenced what an angel told
Daniel about unprecedented trouble.
1“At that time…there shall be a time of
trouble, such as never was since there was a nation,even to that
time. And at that time your people shall be delivered…”(Dan.12:1)
No flesh saved:Jesus elaborated on Daniel 12:1
by clarifying that if the tribulation lasted longer than 3½
years no one would be saved from physical death, but all would be
killed by the Antichrist’s rage or by God’s judgment.
These 3½ years will threaten the lives of many.
15The four angels…were released to kill a third
of mankind. (Rev. 9:15)
33The slain of the LORD shall be from one end of the
earth to the other... (Jer. 25:33)
1The LORD makes the earth empty [of people]…3The
land shall be entirely emptied…
6The inhabitants of the earth are burned, and few men are left.
(Isa. 24:1-6)
V. THE END-TIME HARVEST
“Therefore” in verse 15 points back to the gospel being
preached to all nations in verse 14. There is a dynamic relationship
between the gospel being preached in power to all nations and the
setting up the abomination of desolation (with its escalating
martyrdom and deception). We can easily overlook the “therefore”
in verse 15 and not tie it to verse 14.
14“And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached
in all the world as a witness to all the nations, and then the end
will come. 15Therefore when you see the ‘abomination of desolation,’
spoken of by Daniel…standing in the holy place…”
(Mt. 24:14-15)
God will release great power to believers to bring in the harvest
in the context of exposing the Antichrist’s deception and
overcoming his persecutions, as seen throughout Matthew 24.
Many will be deceived by the Antichrist–even some who profess
Christ will fall away. The falling away and the revealing of the
Antichrist on the world stage are the two signs that Paul said should
alert the church to the nearness of the Day of the Lord and Jesus’
return.
3Let no one deceive you by any means; for that Day
will not come unless the falling away comes first, and the man of
sin [Antichrist] is revealed, the son of perdition…
(2 Thes. 2:3)
VI. DANIEL’S PROPHECIES ABOUT THE ABOMINATION OF
DESOLATION
The abomination of desolation was referred to four times by Daniel
(8:13; 9:27; 11:31; 12:11). We will understand it best by comparing
these references with what Jesus, Paul, and John said.
The abomination of desolation will need to be“set up.”
A whole “system” will need to be set up.
This system will involve setting up an image of the Antichrist in
the temple, removing the daily sacrifices, and setting up a worldwide
infrastructure to enforce Antichrist worship(Rev.14:9-11).
11From the time that the daily sacrifice is taken away,
and the abomination of desolation is setup, there shall be one thousand
two hundred and ninety days [1,290 days].
(Dan.12:11)
Paul elaborated on the abomination being “set up,”
explaining that a man will sit in the temple declaring to be God
(2 Thes. 2:3). John described an image being “set up”
(Rev. 13:14-18).
3…that Day will not come unless…the man
of sin is revealed, the son of perdition, 4…so that he sits
as God in the temple of God, showing himself that he is God.
(2 Thes. 2:3-4)
Jesus insisted that something will be “standing” in
the holy place but without telling us if it was a man or an image.
Some say that this was all fulfilled in AD 70 when the Romans destroyed
Jerusalem. However, the Romans did not “set” an idol
or anything else in the holy place in AD 70; rather, they tore down
the holy place and burned it with fire.
15“…when you see the ‘abomination
of desolation,’…standing in the holy place”…
(Mt. 24:15)
14“…when you see the ‘abomination
of desolation,’…standing where it ought not…”
(Mk. 13:14)
The Antichrist’s armies will “place there,” in
the temple, the Antichrist’s image (11:31).Of the four passages
where Daniel mentioned the abomination, he gave the most information
on it in Daniel 11.
31“They shall take away the daily sacrifices,
and place there the abomination of desolation… 32But the people
who know their God shall be strong, and carry out great exploits
[miracles]. 33And those of the
people who understand shall instruct many…34Now when they
fall [martyrdom], they shall be aided with a little help…35And
some of those of understanding shall fall [martyrdom],
to refine them, purify them, and make them white, until the time
of the end; because it is still for the appointed time.”
(Dan. 11:31-35)
Daniel 11:31-35 connects the activities concerning the abomination
of desolation to operating in God’s power, receiving the spirit
of revelation, and more. Notice seven themes that are brought together
in five verses—the abomination of desolation (11:31), knowing
God (11:32a), doing miracles (11:32b), receiving understanding (11:33a),
reaching many in the harvest (11:33b), receiving supernatural help
in persecution (11:34), and being brought to maturity (11:35).
Gabriel urged Daniel to search out and understand the vision concerning
the seventy weeks and the abomination of desolation (9:23-27). Here
he gave more insight about the abomination of desolation—he
revealed that it is not only an image that is set up in the temple,
but it involves a person, the Antichrist, “one who makes desolate”
(9:27). Paul referred to this person (2 Thes. 2:4).
23“Therefore consider the matter,and understand
the vision… 25Know therefore and understand… 27In the
middle of the week he [Antichrist] shall bring
an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of abominations
shall be one who makes desolate…” (Dan.
9:23-27)
Daniel gave four details that give us insight into what the Antichrist
will do. He will defile the temple by removing the daily sacrifices,
trampling the sanctuary, trampling the host, and committing the
transgression”by setting up the abomination resulting in the
desolation of nations.
13I heard a holy one speaking…, “How long
will the vision be, concerning the daily sacrifices and the transgression
of desolation, the giving of both the sanctuary and the host to
be trampled underfoot?” 14He said to me, “For two thousand
three hundred days [2,300 days];
then the sanctuary shall be cleansed.” (Dan. 8:13-14)
The sanctuary will eventually be cleansed 2,300 days later (at
the time Jesus returns).
The abomination of desolation cannot occur until Israel rebuilds
the temple and offers daily sacrifices. Scripture makes it clear
that the temple will be rebuilt and sacrifices will occur
(Dan. 9:26, 27; 11:31; 12:11; Mt. 24:15; Mk. 13:14; 2 Thes. 2:4;
Rev. 11:1-2; 13:12-18).
Even now, plans to rebuild the temple (Third Temple) are
being aggressively pursued in Israel.
The Third Temple is not the same as the Millennial Temple. Two
distinct temples in Jerusalem are prophesied in Scripture, what
some call the Tribulation Temple (Third Temple), which
will be built by unbelieving Jews and then desecrated by the Antichrist,
and the Millennial Temple.
The Millennial Temple will be built by Jesus (Isa. 2:3; 60:6, 10,
13; Ezek. 37:26-28; Zech. 2:11; 6:12-15; 14:16-21).
VII. REMOVING THE SACRIFICES
There are six verses in Daniel that give us information into the
daily sacrifices being removed (Dan. 8:11, 12, 13; 9:27; 11:31;
12:11). When these six verses are considered together (letting Scripture
interpret Scripture), then we can see more clearly the purpose that
God intended to be understood related to “taking away”
or “bringing an end to” the daily sacrifices in the
end times.
In each passage in which the abomination occurs, a man “takes
the sacrifices away.” This is an evil man who exalts himself,
seeking to rival Jesus the Prince (8:11); he casts truth down (8:12);
he tramples underfoot the temple (8:13); he confirms a deceitful
covenant (9:27); he leads forces that defile the temple and place
the abomination of desolation in the temple (11:31); he takes the
sacrifices away and sets up the abomination of desolation for 1,290
days (12:11).
11Heexalted himself as high as the Prince of the host; and by him
the daily sacrifices were taken away…12an army was given…to
oppose the daily sacrifices; and he cast truth down to the ground…13concerning
the daily sacrifices and the transgression of desolation, the giving
of both the sanctuary and the host to be trampled underfoot?”
(Dan. 8:11–13)
27Then he shall confirm a covenant…he shall bring
an end to sacrifice… (Dan. 9:27)
31Andforces shall be mustered by him…then they
shall take away the daily sacrifices, and place there the abomination
of desolation. (Dan. 11:31)
11“And from the time that the daily sacrifice
is taken away, and the abomination of desolation is setup, there
shall be one thousand two hundred and ninety days[1,290
days].”(Dan.12:11)
VIII. WHY THE PRINCE IN DANIEL 9:27 IS NOT JESUS
Some isolate the abomination and the removing of the sacrifices
in Daniel 9:27 from theirdefinition throughout the book of Daniel.
Thus they wrongly conclude that Jesus is making the covenant and
stopping the sacrifices. The context in Daniel is of an evil man
removing sacrifices and setting up an abomination in the temple
(8:11, 12, 13; 9:27; 11:31; 12:11).
27“Then he [Antichrist]
shall confirm a covenant with many [nations]
for one week [7 years]; but in
the middle of the week [3½ years]
he shall bring an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing
of abominations shall be one [Antichrist] who
makes desolate, even until the consummation, which is determined,
is poured out on the desolate [Antichrist].”
(Dan. 9:27)
Jesus did not make a seven-year covenant, but an eternal covenant.
Jesus pointed to this passage as a key sign of Great Tribulation
and His coming (Mt. 24:15, 21). The clear antecedent of “he”
is “the prince that shall come” (9:26), not Titus, Antiochus,
or Jesus.
Jesus did not stop sacrifices “in the middle of the week”
(a seven-year period); the Roman army stopped the sacrifices forty
years later in AD 70. Yes, Jesus made them invalid in a spiritual
way, but He did not stop them in the temple as the text demands.
The sacrifices are taken away for 1,290 days in the end times (12:11).
The “consummation” of God’s judgment being “poured
out on the desolate” does not have an historical fulfillment
in Titus after he destroyed Jerusalem in AD 70.
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